ABSTRACT
Objetivo: determinar la prevalencia de albuminuria en una cohorte compuesta por pacientes atendidos en una red de salud de la seguridad social en Lima y determinar la asociación entre hipertensión (HTA) y/o diabetes (DM) y albuminuria. Materiales y métodos: Se diseñó un estudio descriptivo transversal con análisis de datos secundarios de resultados de laboratorio de pacientes tamizados en una red de salud de Lima, durante dos años (2013- 2014). Se calculó el cociente albumina-creatinina en los exámenes de orina cuantitativo y automatizado. Se utilizó una prueba de chi-cuadrado para obtener el valor p, por nivel de albuminuria. Se utilizó un modelo de regresión logística univariado para obtener los odds ratios crudos y determinar la asociación entre la presencia de las condiciones (HTA o DM) y albuminuria, y se ajustó un modelo de regresión logística múltiple. Se incluyeron los intervalos de confianza al 95%. Resultados: se incluyeron en el estudio 13 842 pacientes. La prevalencia de albuminuria fue del 23,31%, en diabéticos del 23,93%, en hipertensos del 18,03% y en pacientes con ambas condiciones del 35,22%. Se demostró una asociación significativa entre diabetes e hipertensión y el riesgo de albuminuria (categorías A2 y A3). Conclusión: se observó una prevalencia global del 23,31% en pacientes diabéticos e hipertensos en nuestra red de salud. Este tamizaje benefició a los pacientes de esta red en la seguridad social; por lo tanto, implementar intervenciones sanitarias para el diagnóstico oportuno del daño renal evitaría futuros pacientes con enfermedad renal crónica.
Objective: To determine the prevalence of albuminuria in a cohort of patients being taken care of in a healthcare network from Peruvian Social Security in Lima, and also to determine tha association between hypertension and/or diabetes and albuminuria. Materials and Methods: A descriptive cross-sectional study was designed, analyzing secondary data of laboratory tests from patients who underwent screening in a Lima healthcare network during a two-year period (2013-2014). The albumin/creatinine rate in urine was quantitatively and automatically calculated. A chi-square test was used for establishing p-values, according to albuminuria levels. An univariate logistic regression model was used aiming to obtain crude odds ratio values for determining an association between the presence of the aforementioned conditions and albuminuria; and an adjusted multiple logistic regression was also used. Ninety five-per cent confidence intervals are enclosed. Results: Nearly fourteen thousand (13,842) patients were included in the study. Prevalence of albuminuria was 23.31%. Its prevalence in diabetic subjects was 23.93%, in patients with high blood pressure it was 18.03%, and the prevalence was 35.22% in patients affected by both conditions. A significant association between diabetes and hypertension and the risk for presenting with albuminuria in A2 and A3 categories. Conclusion: There is a 23.31% overall prevalence of albuminuria in patients with high blood pressure and diabetes in our healthcare network. This screening may benefit patients in our institution; therefore, it will be useful to implement healthcare interventions for making a timely diagnosis of kidney disease, so there may be less patients developing chronic kidney disease.
ABSTRACT
ABSTRACT Chronic kidney disease (CKD) is a syndrome caused by the progressive reduction of renal function. This study aimed to systematically examine the effects of supplementation with probiotics in the treatment of CKD. Searches were carried out on databases MEDLINE (PubMed), SciELO, Cochrane, and Clinical Trials. Two independent reviewers selected the studies from which data was extracted. The search included papers written in English and Portuguese published in the 2012-2016 period describing randomized clinical trials. Eight of the 82 eligible articles met the inclusion criteria. Sample size ranged from 18 to 101 individuals with CKD. The duration of the included studies varied from four to 24 weeks. Most of the included articles reported positive effects in renal function and decreased levels of urea, blood urea nitrogen, ammonia, plasma p-cresol, p-cresyl sulfate, and indoxyl sulfate.
RESUMO A insuficiência renal crônica (IRC) é definida como uma síndrome causada pela redução progressiva da função renal. O objetivo deste trabalho foi revisar sistematicamente o efeito da suplementação probiótica no tratamento da IRC. Foi realizada uma busca nas bases de dados MEDLINE (PubMed), SciELO, Cochrane e Clinical Trials. Dois revisores independentes realizaram a seleção dos estudos e a extração de dados. A pesquisa incluiu estudos entre 2012-2016, do tipo estudo clínico randomizado, em inglês e em português. Dos 82 artigos elegíveis, 8 artigos preencheram os critérios de inclusão. O número amostral variou de 18 a 101 pacientes com IRC, com duração de 4 a 24 semanas de estudo. A maioria dos estudos relatados mostraram efeitos benéficos na redução das concentrações de ureia, nitrogênio ureico, amônia, p-cresol plasmático, sulfato de p-cresil e sulfato de indoxil, ou seja, os probióticos parecem estar relacionados à melhora da função de renal.